新着情報(What's New) June 2001

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Trans News > What's New > 2001/06

新着情報 June 2001

2002

2001

last updated 2001/07/26

> News & Articles

News & Articles

Japan

岡山大学がFtMTSに，2例目のSRS実施 (2001/06/26)

Okayama University conducted its 2nd SRS on FtMTS

＃新聞記事（ウェブ）は，手術当日公開されましたが，私は当事者のプライバシー保護のため，手術１ヶ月経過後に公開することにしています。

Transsexual persons request MHLW to delete or change their sexes on identity papers

戸籍の性別表記の変更訂正を求めて―虎井まさ衛さんに聞く (Sexual Science 2001年07月号)
In search of the amendment or correction of the sex on koseki - an interview with Torai Masae

Sex change no cure for torment
Surgery an option but transsexuals still face legal walls
By HIROSHI MATSUBARA Staff writer (Japan Times 2001/06/20)

# これだけの長文(1,100 words 超)が掲載されたことは，まずは積極的に評価しなければならないでしょうけど，欠点も多々見受けられる，私に言わせれば「問題」記事です。ジャパンタイムズの記事は全世界で読まれているだけに，誤解を招くことのないよう願いたいものです。

「性別記載を空白や訂正認めて」性同一性障害者ら陳情 (asahi.com 2001/06/18)

　性同一性障害の治療として性転換手術を受けた人たちが１８日、厚生労働省を訪れ、健康保険証などの公的書類の性別記載を空白にしたり、訂正できたりするよう求める陳情書を南野知恵子副大臣に手渡した。

　性同一性障害者や支援者でつくる雑誌「ＦＴＭ日本」の主宰者、虎井まさ衛さん（３７）は「外見や生活実態は男性なのに、公的書類上は女性とされるため、病院に行きにくい」などと話した。また、「社会の無理解から就労差別がある」として、社会的差別を禁じる指針の策定や、性同一性障害治療の保険適用なども要望した。

＜性同一性障害＞治療の健康保険適用など要望　虎井まさ衛さんら（毎日新聞/Yahoo! Japan News 2001/06/18）

　性同一性障害の当事者で、雑誌「ＦＴＭ」主宰者の虎井まさ衛さん（３７）らが１８日、南野副厚生労働相に、治療の健康保険適用や就労差別解消に向けた取り組みを要望した。性同一性障害は、身体的な性別と人格的な性別が一致していない状態。不当な配置転換や解雇が行われる例もあり、人権擁護の指針の作成を求めた。

性同一性障害：治療の健康保険適用など要望　虎井まさ衛さんら（毎日新聞 2001/06/18）

　性同一性障害の当事者で、雑誌「ＦＴＭ」主宰者の虎井まさ衛さん（３７）らが１８日、南野知恵子副厚生労働相に、治療の健康保険適用や就労差別解消に向けた取り組みを要望した。

　性同一性障害は、身体的な性別と人格的な性別が一致していない状態。埼玉医科大や岡山大を中心に専門治療が行われているが、ホルモン治療に年間数万円から１０万円以上かかるほか、性転換手術に１回で百数十万円の費用がかかるという。不当な配置転換や解雇が行われる例もあり、保険証などで性別の訂正を認めることや人権擁護の指針の作成を求めた。

厚生労働省ホームページ (e-mail)
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (in English)

私たちは性同一性障害を抱える人々を応援します。 (虎井まさ衛さんのページ)
"We support gender dysphoric people" (Torai Masae's website)

Health

Intersexuality

Ethics and gender
BY LISA MELTON
In the past, children born intersexed were treated with surgery. Now some doctors believe such treatment may be unnecessary (The Times 2001/06/26)

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Depo-Provera: Blessing or Curse? page 2 (Wired News 2001/06/19)
注射による長期避妊薬に副作用の恐れ？(上) (下) (Hotwired Japan 2001/06/22,25)

Fear, Ignorance Surround Use of the Pill in Japan (Reuters Health/Yahoo! News 2001/06/20)

＃厳密に言うと，この話はピルの話であり，HRTとは関係ないですが，日本の話ですので，リンクを張っておきました。内容はなかなか興味深いものです。

Skin Patch Proves Better Than Oral Estrogen Therapy (UniSci 2001/06/20)

Exercise Plus Pill May Affect Bone Mass in Women (Reuters Health/Yahoo! News 2001/06/20)

Hormone Therapy May Reduce Cataract Risk (Reuters/Yahoo! News 2001/06/13)

Hormone therapy: Doubts grow
Research suggests little value other than for hot flashes (USA Today 2001/06/13)

Estrogen may keep women's brains going (Seattle Times 2001/06/12)

Estrogen patients may risk low thyroid levels (Reuters/CNN 2001/06/06)

Breast Enlargement

Thai Masseuse Says Holds Secret of Bigger Breasts (Reuters/Yahoo! News 2001/06/20)

A return of silicone breast implants? (MSNBC 2001/06/12)

Tomboy link to mother's hormone

Tomboy link to mother's hormone (BBC 2001/06/04)
What are little tomboys made of? (The Times 2001/06/04)

Law

From Functionality to Aesthetics: the Architecture of Transgender Jurisprudence
E Law - Murdoch University Electronic Journal of Law, Vol 8, No 1 (March 2001)

HTML file
Text file (43 kBytes 6,300 words)

Andrew Sharpe asharpe@law.law.mq.edu.au
Senior Lecturer in Law
Macquarie University Department of Law

Abstract
This article will consider the significance of the New Zealand decision of Attorney-General v Otahuhu Family Court in the context of a developing transgender jurisprudence. It will highlight how, in one respect, this case represents a significant departure from prior, law reform oriented, decisions. That is to say, and for the purposes of determining the sex claims of transgender persons, the case deemphasises a concern over the sexual functioning of the body. While this is to be welcomed it also serves to foreground the bodily aesthetics of law that prior transgender jurisprudence has partially masked through a preoccupation with (hetero)sexual capacity. In other words, the decision highlights how transgender jurisprudence is underscored by a concern with the 'monstrosity' of bodies as much as, and perhaps more than, law's phallocentric imperative.
Moreover, it is important not to overstate the departure that Attorney-General v Otahuhu Family Court represents. On the contrary it will become clear that a focus on a shift from functionality to aesthetics, from substance to form, belies an important commonality, other than a continued requirement for surgical intervention, that links the New Zealand decision to prior transgender jurisprudence oriented toward reform. This link is, as we shall see, to be found in judicial anxiety over proximity to the homosexual body. Before considering the shift from functionality to aesthetics within transgender jurisprudence it is first necessary to refer to the landmark English decision of Corbett v Corbett which provides a context to situate transgender law reform.

Andrew Sharpe is a member of the Department of Law (Deputy Head in 2000) and the Centre for Public Law and Jurisprudence. He is a legal academic and a Barrister admitted in both Australia and the United Kingdom. He is also a member of the International Legal Committee of the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association (HBIGDA) a law reform body that makes interventions in transgender litigation by way of amicus briefs. He has taught a number of law subjects including Torts/Legal History (Macquarie,1998), Contracts (Curtin University,1992), History and Philosophy of Law (Macquarie,1996) and Legal Institutions (University of Sydney,1994). (Taken from his CV by Christine Burns, vice president of the Press for Change)

Sexual Science (from "Nature" magazine)

Nature 411, 689 - 692 (2001/06/07) © Macmillan Publishers Ltd.

Sexual selection and the maintenance of sex

進化：性選択と性の維持

STEVEN SILLER

Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK

Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to S.S. (e-mail: steven.siller@zoo.ox.ac.uk ).

(Abstract) Sex is expensive. A population of females that reproduce asexually should prima facie have twice the growth rate of an otherwise equivalent anisogamous sexual population lacking paternal care, or a population with modes of paternal care that can be co-opted by parthenogenetic females. The two leading theories for the maintenance of sex require either synergistic interactions between deleterious mutations, or antagonistic epistasis between beneficial mutations. Current evidence is equivocal as to whether the required levels of epistasis exist. Here I show that a third factor, differential male mating success (or, more generally, higher variance in male than in female fitness), can drastically reduce mutational load in sexual populations with or without any form of epistasis. Differential mating success has the further advantage of being ubiquitous, and is likely to have preceded or evolved concurrently with anisogamy.

Nature 411, 692 - 695 (2001/06/07) © Macmillan Publishers Ltd.

Sexual selection and the maintenance of sexual reproduction

進化：性選択と有性生殖の維持

ANEIL F. AGRAWAL

Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-3700, USA

Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to A.F.A. (e-mail: aagrawal@bio.indiana.edu ).

(Abstract) The maintenance of sexual reproduction is a problem in evolutionary theory because, all else being equal, asexual populations have a twofold fitness advantage over their sexual counterparts and should rapidly outnumber a sexual population because every individual has the potential to reproduce. The twofold cost of sex exists because of anisogamy or gamete dimorphism---egg-producing females make a larger contribution to the zygote compared with the small contribution made by the sperm of males, but both males and females contribute 50% of the genes. Anisogamy also generates the conditions for sexual selection, a powerful evolutionary force that does not exist in asexual populations. The continued prevalence of sexual reproduction indicates that the 'all else being equal' assumption is incorrect. Here I show that sexual selection can mitigate or even eliminate the cost of sex. If sexual selection causes deleterious mutations to be more deleterious in males than females, then deleterious mutations are maintained at lower equilibrium frequency in sexual populations relative to asexual populations. The fitness of sexual females is higher than asexuals because there is no difference in the fecundity of sexual females and asexuals of the same genotype, but the equilibrium frequency of deleterious mutations is lower in sexual populations. The results are not altered by synergistic epistasis in males.

Nature © Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2001 Registered No. 785998 England.

Related site:
Nature Japan

＃正直言って，なんだかよくわからないんですけどお（笑）。興味のある方は本誌を読んでみてください。さて，この記事と関連しているかどうかわかりませんが，Natureに載ったトランス関連の有名な記事を紹介しておきます。

A Sex Difference in the Human Brain and its Relation to Transsexuality.
J.-N. Zhou, M.A. Hofman, L.J.G. Gooren and D.F. Swaab
NATURE, 378: 68-70 (1995)

International / Human Rights

Amnesty International Report: Crimes of hate, conspiracy of silence: Torture and ill-treatment based on sexual identity (2001/06/22)

Press Release

Abstract

Report (full text in English, PDF format) 555kBytes

Amnesty Says Gay Abuse Rampant (AP/Yahoo! News 2001/06/22)

Over 70 Countries Consider Homosexuality a Crime (Reuters/Yahoo! News 2001/06/22)

Amnesty International cites alleged Chicago cases in gay abuse study (Chicago Tribune 2001/06/22)